Currently, flat glass produced mainly through the float – method, however, outdated method of drawing and rolling method is still used in a small amount in the production of special glass known, among them the production of patterned glass with different ways of rolling. Also, a method for blowing glass – still finds application, for example, in the manufacture of various artistic glass products. Ready " normal " Glass can be further treated by various methods so as to conform to the purpose.
Antikvariatnoe glass
When using a rolling method or machining method of blowing, and by blowing mouth made of glass, which have characteristic irregularities on the surface of irregularly arranged patterns or bubbles in the bulk glass. The glass may be clear or colored. Thickness ranges, typically between 2 – 4 mm.
Solar control glass
The term " solar control glass " – nominal is the name given to the glass, which is capable of lowering transmission of light and/or solar thermal energy. Such glasses are, for example, colored glass throughout the mass, various coated glass (glass coated type On – line and Off – line).
Insulating glazing
Insulating glazing – are elements in which two or more windows are hermetically connected with each other by the frame mullion, the edge of the glass envelope, or using the elastic mass, thus improving the heat insulating ability of the element. In the manufacture of insulating glass can be used by different flat glass and obtained from them by further processing the product.
Float – glass
Currently, the most common type of glass produced by the float – method, in which at the outlet of the glass melting furnace is poured onto the surface of the molten tin on a continuous strip is supplied through a cooling zone for further processing. Float – the glass is characterized by exceptional smoothness and lack of optical defects. The largest size of the glass, is typically 5100 – 6000 mm x 3210 mm, the sheet thickness may even be less than two millimeters and up to 25 mm. The resulting glass can be transparent, colored or coated (coated glass such as On – line).
Photochromic (photosensitive) glass
Properties photochromic glasses regarding their transmittance vary depending on light intensity. Glass darkens in strong bright light and vice versa. This effect is achieved, for example, due to the effect of adding a silver halide glass mass. Mainly, they are used is still a product of small size, with a special purpose – for example, as eyeglass lenses.
Non-reflective glass
These include transparent glass surface is almost completely reflects sunlight. Visible light is reflected, for example, due to special treatment with acid. They are used, for example, in the manufacture of glass, closing pattern.
Glass with a reflective surface (as well as coated glass or mirror surface)
These include coated glass such as On – line and Off – line, produced using the same methods, the surface of which reflects visible light and solar radiant heat better than ordinary glass. In appearance resembles a glass mirror. Using various coating materials, can affect the reflective properties of the glass and its appearance, the intensity reflectivity of the surface, and shades of color.
Signaling glass
Glass, which can be connected to an alarm circuit, provides signaling to the glasses. The signaling glasses have an electrically conductive coating or a thin wire, which are included in the alarm circuit. When you break an electrical circuit is activated the alarm.
Facade glass
The term " front " Glass – This nominal name glasses, which are mainly used in sealed cladding of buildings. For this purpose, usually used by burning-painted enamel paints glass or transparent glass or special sg – elements for structural glazing.
Chemically tempered glass
In chemical tempering glass are compressive stresses on the surface of the glass preform due to developments in the salt bath, during which the ion exchange occurs on the surface of glass, sodium ions, potassium ions larger. For this reason, in the surface layer of the glass preform having compressive stress. Chemically tempered glass is as well as thermally tempered glass is mechanically much stronger than ordinary glass, but chemically tempered glass breaks into the destruction of larger fragments, and therefore its most often used in laminated structures.
Glass refining
Glass refining – This in keeping with its name, completely colorless glass. Such glass is particularly good passes visible light and solar heat radiation, since absorption and reflection are extremely small.
Pull the glass
Pull the glass is called the glass produced by the method of extraction using different machines. This method is the main way to get to the opening of the sheet glass float – method. Currently, there is a small application, for example, in the manufacture of some – any special glasses.
Patterned glass
Patterned glass usually get by machine rolling. Thus, on one or both surfaces of the glass is desired pattern, which is obtained by means of rolling cylinders with the printed pattern.
Sometimes patterned glass made manually on the rolls (" molding "). Handmade glass on the rollers, typically finds application when dealing with the special artistic glass. Patterned glass are suitable for a wide variety of options for interior glazing, since they allow the manufacturer to find the fantastic options.
Quartz glass
Quartz glass – this glass withstanding particularly large temperature differences. It consists of almost pure silica. This glass has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion.
Laminated glass
Called laminated glass which consists of two or more glass laminated together by a laminating film or PVB laminating special liquid, called zhidkolaminirovannymi glass or laminated resin. When laminating can be created from various combinations of glass and using a variety of film for lamination. Using the method of lamination glass can be manufactured elements that can be used, such as glass, protecting against burglary, bullets and to protect humans from various injuries. Laminated glass also find application in the manufacture of insulating glass units. Lamination does not increase mechanical strength of the glass, however, the destruction of the laminated glass is " whole " thanks laminating film, ie, glass shards remain attached to the film.
Wired glass
This is obtained by rolling the glass, in which a wire mesh, or arranged in one direction, the wire strands are fixed or pressed between two glass ribbons. Wired glass less durable than ordinary glass of the same thickness. Made as a ground surface.
Glass
This glass materials that can withstand high temperatures. The mixture of raw materials for preparing such glasses, usually consists of almost pure silica, in which boron oxide is added (these glasses are also known as borosilicate glasses).
Heated glass
To this type of glass is, for example, glass, an electrically conductive coating which acts as a resistance when a current is passed, whereby the glass is heated. Especially effective in cases when you need to get rid of convection. Can also be used as glass, which is a source of heat.
Glass, tempered thermally
Thermally tempered glass is produced by heating the first glass to a temperature above 600 & deg; C and then rapidly cooling it. Thus formed in the glass compression stress that increase the mechanical strength and resistance of the glass to temperature. With the destruction of the glass shatters into small fragments safe. Most types of glass can be subjected to thermal quenching. Attention is drawn to the fact in the manufacture of such glasses, the mechanical processing of glass is always performed before the hardening process, as tempered glass can not be processed mechanically. Tempered glass can then be used, among other things, in the manufacture of insulating glass units or laminated glass.
Heat strengthened glass
Heat strengthened glass is produced as well as glass, thermally toughened. Heat strengthened glass in its mechanical resistance is superior as compared with conventional glass properties but inferior resistance on glass subjected to an thermal quenching. Heat strengthened glass fracture breaks into larger compared with the thermally tempered glass splinters, but smaller in comparison with the conventional glass.
Dyed glass (as well as the " colored glass ")
Body-tinted glass is made from raw materials, in which various substances are added to produce the desired color. The most common are the following colors: intermediate between bronze and brown, gray and green, however, can be made of glass and other colors. Dyed glass known as sun glasses or absorbent glass, because such glass absorb absorb themselves more solar heat and light than the conventional clear glass.
Coated glass type Off – line (as well as glass poverhnostnoobrabotannye)
On the glass after manufacture can be coated by an electromagnetic vacuum plasma spraying. The coating consists of several layers, the choice of which depends on the final result to be obtained, depending on the desired properties, emissivity, transmittance of light and heat, as well as optical properties. Coated glass type Off – line generally used in the manufacture of insulating glass, wherein the coated surface will face inwardly. Selection coated glass type Off – line different colors, with different reflective surfaces, and also with different selectivities greatly.
Coated glass such as On – line (as well as paved surfaces)
The surface of the glass and can be processed during the manufacture of glass by the method in which the hot glass surface is treated with the various baths. This creates a strong and durable metal coating. This can be used to impart a wide variety of surface properties of the glass. Coated glass type On – line are used for example in the production of various sunscreen glass with a reflective surface and in the manufacture of neutral color selective glasses. In addition to selecting the raw materials used for the production of coatings, the final result can also affect choice of raw materials for the glass itself. For this reason, the choice of the type of coated glass On – line is very diverse. The latter applies to the method of manufacturing the mirrors by On – line. This goal is to get a special coating.
Opal (milk) glass
It is made by machine hoods white glass. The two-layer opal glass is a basic glass clear glass, the surface of which a thin layer of opal glass. In the manufacture of single-layer opal glass prepared for mass glass are such raw materials, thanks to which it seems that the glass was frosted and resembles milk. In a two-layer opal glass light transmittance greater than that of a single layer.
Fire glass
Fireproof Glass can be divided by their shielding properties, such as fire-proof and fire insulating glass.
Fire-resistant glass prevent the penetration of flames and smoke in the course of time, characteristic of each class of the glass. Glasses of this type – it is, as a rule. unilamellar hardened and made specially for fire protection of glass which is passed, usually thermal radiation.
Fire protecting glass (or as cutting off the fire zone window) – it is, as a rule, elements of the laminated glass glazing type or items of special materials produced by special methods, which besides that prevent the penetration of fire and smoke. also protect against the penetration of radiant heat so that the temperature on the opposite surface rises slowly.
Mirrors
Mirror – such glass is, the back surface is treated so that the glass becomes particularly good light reflecting properties. For silver coating is used, it is applied to the copper layer and a protective paint. The choice is very wide mirror because the mirror can be made of different glasses and, moreover, to do the mirror can be applied by screen printing a variety of patterns, as well as by sandblasting.
Poverhnostnoobrabotannoe glass
It is the generic name for glass whose surface has been treated with one of the desired methods, for example by sandblasting, etching or colored. Here, the staining understand another kind of dye, rather than staining using vzhigaemoy colored enamel.
Painted enamel brazing/tempered glass
Heating the painted enamels and tempered glass is produced so that one surface of the glass is covered with colored enamel, which during the secondary heat treatment heating vzhigaetsya a glass surface, becoming an integral part of the latter. There is an almost unlimited number of shades of colors of enamel. Obtained by burning-glass colored enamels are used, usually as a facade of glass & rdquo ;, installed inside the painted surface.
The shaped glass (as well as the " glass pane ")
Profiled Glass – It is a transparent or colored glass plate elongated in the production stage in the form of U – shaped profile. On the surface of the shaped glass is usually applied a – or pattern that scatters light. Moreover the shaped glass can be clear (without causing any – or pattern) or selective (coated with solar control coatings). Profiled glass are used, for example, wall structures in the form of one – or bilayer structures.
Selective glass (glass and low-E or LE)
It is a common name for the glasses which have a coating having low emissivity (nizkoemissivitetnoe cover). The ability to selectively heat insulating glass is much better than the usual short-wave solar thermal radiation penetrates through glass well, and tends to go from the inside out effective long-wave radiation reflected from the surface back. Specially recommended selective glass as a glass in insulating glass unit as thus can greatly enhance the insulating properties of the building structure portion attributable to the window. The selective coating can be applied, or so-called On – line – method simultaneously with the production of the glass or Off – line – with method of coating glass by vacuum plasma spraying by plasma.
Protects against radiation glass
Glass that protects against radiation, intended for protection against the radioactive radiation. Such properties of the glass of this type acquires the production phase by adding to the mixture of raw materials of oxides of heavy metals.